Coal And Petroleum

Exercises 

1. What are the advantages of using CNG and LPG as fuels?

Ans:-

The advantages of CNG and LPG as fuels are:

1. can be transported easily through pipes.
2. cost is low thus cheap fuels.
3. they can burn directly and easily.
4. CNG is used as a transport fuel since it doesn't give toxic fumes.
5. CNG is used for power generation.
6. they are clean fuels as they don't give smoke when burnt.

2. Name the petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

Ans:-

Bitumen is a petroleum product used for surfacing of roads.

3. Describe how coal is formed from dead vegetation. What is this process called?

Ans:-

Coal is formed from dead vegetation because due to some natural processes, like flooding, these forests got buried under the soil. As more soil deposited over them, they were compressed.The temperature also rose as they sank deeper and deeper. Under high pressure and temperature, dead plants got slowly converted to coal.

As coal contains mainly carbon, the slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is called carbonisation.

4. Fill in the blanks.

(a) Fossil fuels are       coal      ,     petroleum    and     natural gas     .

(b) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is called    refining    .

(c) Least polluting fuel for vehicle is     compressed natural gas (CNG)     .

5. Tick True/False against the following statements.

(a) Fossil fuels can be made in the laboratory.   (F)

(b) CNG is more polluting fuel than petrol.    (F)

(c) Coke is almost pure form of carbon.   (T)

(d) Coal tar is a mixture of various substances.   (T)

(e) Kerosene is not a fossil fuel.   (F)

6. Explain why fossil fuels are exhaustible natural resources.

Ans:-

Fossil fuels are called exhaustible natural resources because its amount is limited in nature. The process of formation of fossil fuel by buried dead vegetation under high pressure and temperature is a million years process and its formation cannot be carried out in laboratory. Day by day due to increase in consumption of fossil fuels results in degrading its quantity for future generation.

7. Describe characteristics and uses of coke.

Ans:-
Characteristics of coke:

1. it is tough
2. it is porous
3. black color substance
4. almost pure form of carbon

Uses of coke:

1. used in the manufacture of steel
2. used in the extraction of many metals.

8. Explain the process of formation of petroleum.

Ans:-
Petroleum was formed from dead remains of organisms living in the sea. As these organisms died, their bodies gets settled at the bottom of the sea and got covered with layers of sand and clay. Over millions of years due to absence of air, high temperature and high pressure transformed the dead organisms into petroleum.


9. The following Table shows the total power shortage in India from 1991–1997. Show the data in the form of a graph. Plot shortage percentage for the years on the Y-axis and the year on the X-axis.    

  

Ans:-
Please refer the below image of chart drawn.