Conservation of Plants And Animals

Exercises 

1. Fill in the blanks.

(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called    wildlife sanctuary    .

(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as     endemic species    .

(c) Migratory birds fly to far away places because of     climatic     changes.


2. Differentiate between the following.

(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve

Ans:-

(b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary

Ans:-

(c) Endangered and extinct species

Ans:-

(d) Flora and fauna

Ans:-

3. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following.

(a) Wild animals

Ans:-
Deforestation have a severe impact on the wildlife. This is so because forests are their homes and if we destroy trees, we are destroying their habitat. Animals then won't be able to find adequate shelter, food, water etc with the existing environment and may even lead to their extinction.

(b) Environment

Ans:-
Deforestation can have a bad impact on environment. We all know that plants and trees uses CO2 for photosynthesis and if we cut trees in large scale the amount of CO2 in air will increase and this is one of the cause of global warming and climate change. This may also lead to droughts, floods etc.  

(c) Villages (Rural areas)

Ans:-
The soil particles are held tightly by the roots of the trees which makes the soil very fertile for agriculture and plantation. But if large number of trees are cut, leads to decrease in soil fertility and reduced rainfall. Since in villagers are mostly are dependent upon agriculture, so they suffer.

(d) Cities (Urban areas)

Ans:-
Deforestation leads to increase in CO2 level and thus causes global warming also it causes pollution. So, city life is also effected due to this since there is no clean air to breathe.

(e) Earth

Ans:-
The temperature of the earth is increasing day by day due to increase in CO2. There are climatic changes. The properties of soil is changing rapidly which will lead to desertification.


(f) The next generation

Ans:-
Deforestation will mainly attack the next generation. They will suffer adverse climatic changes, there would be no food to eat, clean water to drink, clean air to breathe. Moreover, coming to their times, most of the species might get extinct. 


4. What will happen if.

(a) we go on cutting trees.

Ans:-
If we go on cutting trees then it may lead to bad impact in environment.The wildlife habitat will be destroyed, animals and plants may become vulnerable, the amount of CO2 in air will increase and this is one of the cause of global warming and climate change.This may also lead to droughts, floods etc.

(b) the habitat of an animal is disturbed.

Ans:-
If the habitat of animals is disturbed then we are destroying their home. Animals then won't be able to find adequate shelter, food, water etc with the existing environment and may even lead to their extinction. 

(c) the top layer of soil is exposed.

Ans:-
If the top layer of the soil is exposed then the lower, hard and rocky layers will become evident. This soil has less humus and is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land gets converted into deserts. which is called desertification.


5. Answer in brief.

(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?

Ans:-
We should conserve biodiversity because biodiversity is the variety of plants, animals and microorganisms generally found in an area. We should protect it in-order to maintain the food-chain and food-web because any imbalance will effect the entire ecosystem.

(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?

Ans:-
Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals because people living in the neighbourhood encroach upon them and destroy them.

(c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?

Ans:-
Tribals depends on jungle because its their natural habitat just like animals. They are dependent on forests for their every commodity which they need to live.

(d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation?

Ans:-
The major causes of deforestation is cutting down of trees and forests:

1. by humans for fulfilling their needs
2. by natural calamities like floods, droughts landslides etc
3. forest- fires 

Deforestation may lead to severe consequences such as:

1. climatic changes
2. air pollution
3. increase in level of CO2 in atmosphere which is a cause of global warming.
4. soil erosion which may lead to droughts
5. disturbs the water cycle which may lead to floods. 

(e) What is Red Data Book?

Ans:-
Red Data Book is the source book which keeps a record of all the endangered animals and
plants. Red Data Book is maintained internationally by an organisation. India also maintains Red Data Book for plants and animals found in India.

(f) What do you understand by the term migration?

Ans:-
Migration generally means the movement of birds from one part of the world to other every year to lay eggs due to climatic changes.


6. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects? Discuss and prepare a brief report.

Ans:-
Absolutely not. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, we should not continually cut the trees. This is so because this is even harmful for us because:

1. the biodiversity is destroyed
2. the food-chain is disturbed which will automatically disturb the entire ecosystem
3. leads to climatic changes
4. promotes increase in the CO2 level in atmosphere which is a cause of gobal warming as well as carbon substances are harmful for human's health
5. causes soil erosion that may leads to desertification of land
6. no scope of plantation and agriculture
7. reduced rainfall
8. can lead to droughts, floods other other natural calamities.

For appropriate reasons its ok but, only on the term that we should plant more trees than we cut and also regularly monitor them for their appropriate growth.


7. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.

Ans:-
We can all contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of our respective localities. Some of the steps we can take are:

1. plant trees and saplings in our backyard or at the roadsides.
2. will regularly monitor and water them.
3. dump waste materials like vegetable feels in a dig so it can be converted to manure.
4. reusing and recycling of papers.
5. avoid throwing waste materials here and there, only throw in garbage.
6. spread awareness among the people about this so that then can also do their part.

8. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.

Ans:-
Deforestation is also a cause of reduced rainfall because fewer the plants and trees, the more amount of CO2 in atmosphere. This will lead to global warming as carbon dioxide traps the heat rays reflected by the earth. The increase in temperature on the earth disturbs the water cycle and may reduce rainfall.


9. Find out about national parks in your state. Identify and show their location on the outline map of India.

Ans:-
Refer to the link here.

10. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper.

Ans:-
A large mass of trees can be conserved if we start to save paper because nearly it takes 17 full grown trees to make one tonne of paper. Doing this we can also save save energy and water needed for manufacturing paper. Moreover, the amount of harmful chemicals used in paper making will also be reduced.
We can save paper in following ways :

1. adopt a practice of reuse and recycle of paper.
2. using both sides of the paper
3. should not burn paper instead collect them and give them to factories so it can be recycled (paper can be recycled five to seven times for use)
4. spreading awareness among people to do the same.

11. Complete the word puzzle.

Down
1. Species on the verge of extinction.
2. A book carrying information about endangered species.
5. Consequence of deforestation.

Across
1. Species which have vanished.
3. Species found only in a particular habitat.
4. Variety of plants, animals and microorganisms found in an area.

Ans:-
Down
1. Endangered
2. Red Data Book
5. Deserts

Across
1. Extinct
3. Endemic
4. Biodiversity